It consists of solar collectors or panels that absorb sunlight and convert it into heat energy, which is then transferred to water stored in an insulated tank.
The operation of a solar heater tank revolves around the principles of solar thermal technology. Here's a simplified breakdown of its functioning:
Solar Collectors: These are typically mounted on rooftops or other suitable locations with ample sunlight exposure. The collectors are made of materials such as glass or plastic, which allow sunlight to penetrate while trapping the heat inside.
Absorption of Sunlight: Within the solar collectors are heat-absorbing materials, often blackened surfaces or tubes filled with a heat-transfer fluid. When sunlight strikes these surfaces, they absorb its energy and convert it into heat.
Heat Transfer: The heat collected by the absorber is transferred to a fluid circulating within the collector. This fluid, usually water or a mixture of water and antifreeze, absorbs the heat and becomes hot.
Storage Tank: The hot fluid is then pumped or circulated to a storage tank, where it transfers its heat to the water stored within. The storage tank is well-insulated to minimize heat loss, ensuring that the heated water remains hot until it is needed.
Usage: The hot water from the solar heater tank can be drawn upon as needed for various domestic applications. In some systems, a conventional water heater may be used as a backup to ensure a steady supply of hot water during periods of insufficient sunlight.
